Buried structures (e.g., culverts and pipes under roadways) installed several decades ago are reaching the end of their service life.Excavation and replacement of these structures will cause disturbances to the transportation network and require significant funding.Trenchless techniques (e.g., sliplining) have been increasingly employed to rehabili
Indonesia is a country consisting of several islands some of which are still not covered by electricity.It is this source of PV that can be used to meet the needs of people who are not yet affordable with PLN electricity.Basically, PV includes the generation of new renewable energy types.This new form of energy comes from sunlight.Using semiconduct
To address the issues of frequency switching differences between communication and sensing systems in traditional integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) scenarios, as well as the susceptibility of communication to obstruction by obstacles, the integration of full-duplex (FD) technology and intelligent reflecting surface CURL PREP SPRAY (IRS) i
Abstract Background The retention of ancestral juvenile characters by adult stages of descendants is called paedomorphosis.However, this process can mislead phylogenetic analyses based on morphological data, even in combination with molecular data, because the assessment if a character is primary absent or secondary lost is difficult.Thus, the dete